- The mesenchymal stromal cells were safe, causing no allergic reactions in any of the study participants.
- Seven days after treatment, there was a significant increase in the concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-10 among participants in both the high- and low-dose mesenchymal stromal cell groups compared with the placebo group.
- At day 14, there was a significant decrease in the percentage of inflammatory Th17 cells in both the high- and low-dose mesenchymal stromal cell groups compared with the placebo group.
- At day 30, there was a significant improvement in the ratio of anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory cells in the high-dose mesenchymal stromal cells group compared with the placebo group; however, the difference between the high-dose and the low-dose mesenchymal stromal cell group did not reach statistical significance.
- At one year, there was a decrease in aneurysm size among the participants in the high-dose mesenchymal stromal cell group compared with the placebo group, however, the difference did not reach statistical significance.
- Participants who reported a previous COVID-19 infection were 9.7 times as likely to have rapid abdominal aortic aneurysm growth (higher growth than the average of 2.7 mm per year). The average size of the abdominal aorta is 2 cm (0.79 inch).
- Factors that appeared to increase the risk of rapid abdominal aortic aneurysm growth to a lesser degree were chronic kidney disease (3.8 times as likely) and having ever been a smoker (twice as likely).
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